Science That Cares

Fibrosis, also known as fibrotic scarring, is a pathological wound healing that leads to considerable tissue remodeling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. There are many different types of fibrosis, including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cirrhosis, cardiac fibrosis, renal fibrosis and more. The prevalence of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis estimates in the USA varied between 14 and 27.9 cases per 100,000 population using narrow case definitions, and 42.7 and 63 per 100,000 population using broad case definitions. (Nalysnyk et al, 2012) Ramatroban is a promising treatment for fibrosis which affects the lives of millions of people. 

COVID-19: As of December 2020, around 65 million people have been infection with COVID-19 and there has been over a million deaths. Evidence around the pathogenesis of  COVID-19 is becoming clear. We need safe and effective drugs that are overly bioavailable and therefore practical in ambulatory patients since the majority of COVID-19 patients are outpatients. Currently, the focus is on anti-thrombotic and antiviral therapies. Ramatroban, also known as Elpidazo, is a potent reversible dual receptor antagonist of the thromboxane A2 and the prostaglandin D2 receptors that will serve as an anti-thrombotic and an immunomodulator in COVID-19. 

Millions of children and adults globally and about 100,00 people in the US suffer from sickle cell disease (SCD). Many often develop painful vaso-occlusive crisis that diminish the quality of life and lead to mortality. The current FDA approved drugs for SCD are hydroxyurea, L-glutamine, crizanlizumab and voxelotor. Despite the recent advances, SCD patients remain at a high risk of developing fatal vascular complications driven by platelet activation. Ramatroban as a dual receptor antagonist of the DP2 and TP receptors can target platelet activation and treat thrombotic vasculopathy, thus improving survival of SCD patients. Ramatroban can target heme induced platelet activation by blocking CLEC2 signaling (Badolia et al, 2017) and reduce the thromboinflammatory state of SCD (Conran and De Paula, 2020). Visit changeforscd.com to learn more about the mechanisms of SCD. 

Thrombosis is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system. When a blood vessel is injured, the body uses platelets (thrombocytes) and fibrin to form a blood clot to prevent blood loss. Thrombosis can lead to stroke, myocardial infarction, limb ischemia, etc. Different types of thrombotic disorders include disseminated intravascular coagulation, deep venous thrombosis, venous thromboembolism, arterial thrombosis, pulmonary embolism, etc. Thrombosis can play a part in the pathogenesis of many conditions including viral and bacteria infections, and hematological disorders. Ramatroban is a promising treatment for thrombosis.

Cardiovascular disease describes a range of conditions that affect your cardiovascular system, especially with aging. This includes coronary artery disease, atherosclerosis, arrhythmias, congenital heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, myocardial infarction, etc. Ramatroban can potentially treat and prevent cardiovascular disease. 

Alzheimer's Disease is the most common cause of dementia accounting for 60-80% of dementia cases. Alzheimer's disease is a progressive disease that reduces the longevity and quality of life for many by severely impairing cognitive ability and day to day functions. There is no definitive treatment for Alzheimer's disease, but emerging evidence is beginning to shed light upon the underlying causes of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's. Ramatroban is a promising treatment for neurological diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease, given the potential underlying mechanisms.